AVOCA STREET MEDICAL CENTRE
130 Avoca Street Randwick NSW 2031
Tel: 02 9399 3335 - Fax: 02 9399 9778
Web: avocastreet.info
avocastreet.com - asmc.net.au - randwickhealth.com - randwickgp.com - familydoctor.sydney

Childhood Immunisation (NSW)


Changes from 1 August 2018

  • Pneumococcal (Prevenar 13): The third dose of pneumococcal vaccine (previously provided at 6 months) will now be given at 12 months of age. The first and second doses of pneumococcal vaccine will continue to be given at 6 weeks and 4 months (two dose primary course) followed by a booster dose at 12 months of age. Children with medical conditions associated with an increased risk of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) will still receive an additional dose of Prevenar 13 at 6 month of age; that is, they will continue to have a three dose primary course followed by a booster at 12 months of age.

  • Meningococcal ACWY (Nimenrix): Previously children received a combined meningococcal C-Hib vaccine (Menitorix) at 12 months. From 1 July 2018 children will receive a new meningococcal vaccine (Nimenrix) at 12 months of age that protects against 4 serogroups including A, C, W and Y.

  • Haemophilus influenzae type b (Act-HIB): Children will now receive their fourth dose of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine as a monovalent vaccine (Act-HIB) at 18 months of age (no longer combined with meningococcal C at 12 months). They will continue to receive their Hib primary schedule doses at 6 weeks, 4 months and 6 months (Infanrix Hexa).

  • Pertussis (Boostrix or Adacel): Pertussis (whooping cough) vaccine has previously been provided free of charge on the NSW Immunisation Schedule to all pregnant women in their third trimester. From 1 July 2018 this vaccine will continue to be provided for pregnant women in their third trimester but will be funded by the National Immunisation Program (NIP).

    Index of general public information

    • Covid-19 Notices
    Flu Shot
    Emergency Numbers
    After Hours 13 74 25
    Contact
    Hours     		Doctors
    Appointments
    Fees
    About
    Map
    Links     		Immunisation
    Facebook
    Feedback
    Local Pharmacies
    Resources
    Home

    ⇐General Information⇒
     

    Obstructive Sleep Apnoea


    Sleep apnoea occurs when the walls of the throat come together during sleep, blocking off the upper airway. Breathing stops for a period of time (generally between ten seconds and up to one minute) until the brain registers the lack of breathing or a drop in oxygen levels and sends a small wake-up call. The sleeper rouses slightly, opens the upper airway, typically snorts and gasps, then drifts back to sleep almost immediately.

    In most cases, the person suffering from sleep apnoea doesn’t even realise they are waking up. This pattern can repeat itself hundreds of times every night, causing fragmented sleep. This leaves the person feeling unrefreshed in the morning, with excessive daytime sleepiness, poor daytime concentration and work performance, and fatigue. It’s estimated that about five per cent of Australians suffer from this sleep disorder, with around one in four men over the age of 30 years affected.

    Degrees of severity of sleep apnoea

    The full name for this condition is obstructive sleep apnoea. Another rare form of breathing disturbance during sleep is called central sleep apnoea. It is caused by a disruption to the mechanisms that control the rate and depth of breathing. The severity of sleep apnoea depends on how often the breathing is interrupted. As a guide:
    • normal sleep – fewer than five interruptions per hour
    • mild sleep apnoea – between 5 and 15 interruptions per hour
    • moderate sleep apnoea – between 15 and 30 interruptions per hour
    • severe sleep apnoea – more than 30 interruptions per hour.


    Symptoms of sleep apnoea

    People with significant sleep apnoea have an increased risk of motor vehicle accidents and high blood pressure, and may have an increased risk of heart attack and stroke.

    In the over-30 age group, the disorder is about three times more common in men than women. Some of the associated symptoms include:
    • daytime sleepiness, fatigue and tiredness
    • poor concentration
    • irritability and mood changes
    • impotence and reduced sex drive
    • need to get up to toilet frequently at night.


    Causes of sleep apnoea

    Obesity is one of the most common causes of sleep apnoea. Other contributing factors include:
    • alcohol, especially in the evening – this relaxes the throat muscles and hampers the brain’s reaction to sleep disordered breathing
    • certain illnesses, such as reduced thyroid production or the presence of a very large goitre
    • large tonsils, especially in children
    • medications, such as sleeping tablets and sedatives
    • nasal congestion and obstruction
    • facial bone shape and the size of muscles, such as an undershot jaw.


    Source: www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au
    The information in the above were collected from the internet,
    either from government websites or from reasonably reliable health information sources.
    They are for general information only and should not replace the need of seeking medical care during illnesses.
    © avocastreet.com